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Tamiš Research and Development Institute , Pančevo , Serbia
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Faculty of Finance, Banking and Audit, ALFA BK University , Belgrade , Serbia
Faculty of Accounting and Management Information Systems, Bucharest University of Economic Studies , Bucharest , Romania
The purpose of examining the economic and social indicators in the agricultural sector of the European Union (EU) was to identify the structural changes that occurred during the period 2012–2023, taking into account the changes in the number of Member States over time. The economic indicators were analyzed using the following values: Gross Domestic Product at market prices (GDP), GDP per capita (in euro per capita), Gross Value Added (GVA) in agriculture, forestry, and fishing, the value of Standard Output (SO), and the trade balance of the agri-food industry. Social indicators were monitored through the number of employees in agriculture, forestry, and fishing (AFF), as well as the size of the rural population. For the purposes of research and data analysis, methods of descriptive statistics, temporal comparability, induction, and deduction were applied. The results of the analyzed indicators reveal that EU Member States are predominantly highly developed economies, given the low share of GVA in AFF in total GDP, as well as the relatively small proportion of agricultural employment in total employment.
Conceptualization, B.G.V., M.J. and S.R.; Data curation, B.G.V.; Investigation, B.G.V., M.J. and S.R.; Methodology, B.G.V. and M.J.; Supervision, B.G.V.; Writing – original draft, B.G.V.; Writing – review & editing, B.G.V., M.J. and S.R. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Paper is a part of research financed by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia and agreed in decision no. 451-03-136/2025-03/200054 and research result on project U 01/2023 Green economy in the era of digitalization, Faculty of Finance, Banking, and Auditing, Alpha BK University in Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
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